{"id":28904,"date":"2022-07-08T13:25:48","date_gmt":"2022-07-08T07:55:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/?p=28904"},"modified":"2022-07-09T11:48:30","modified_gmt":"2022-07-09T06:18:30","slug":"integrated-development-of-agroforestry-and-wood-based-industries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/hi\/integrated-development-of-agroforestry-and-wood-based-industries\/","title":{"rendered":"Integrated Development of Agroforestry and Wood-based Industries"},"content":{"rendered":"

Integrated Development of Agroforestry and<\/strong><\/span>
\nWood-based Industries-A Way Forward for Carbon Neutral Economy<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
\n

1.0 Agroforestry and Private Forestry for Carbon Neutral Economy<\/strong><\/span>
\nGovernment of India (GOI), in the recently announced budget of 2022-23, has used ‘Agroforestry and Private Forestry’ as instruments to achieve the carbon neutral economy. Agroforestry coversshort rotation tree crops which are generally cultivated by farmers, while the private forestry covers medium and long rotation tree crops, which are generally planted by plantation companies or individuals in their land. India has almost reached the level of self-sufficiency in producing small sized wood through agroforestry but is still heavily dependent on imported timber due to shortage of large sized wood from the forests and the farmers cannot afford to produce it. The recent initiative of the GOI encouraging private forestry may serve the dual purpose of encouraging local production of large sized wood and mitigating the impact of climate change<\/strong><\/p>\n

Under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), India has committed to createan additional CO2 sink of 2.5 to 3.0 billion tonnes by 2030 under the Paris Agreement of the UNFCCC. The plantations under agroforestry and private forestry not only sequester carbon but the wood products manufactured from their wood also store carbon during their lifetime. The focussed action on agroforestry and private forestry may help in achieving the targets under NDCs and will also provide momentum to move towards achieving the goal of having 33% of the geographical area under forest and tree cover as envisaged in National Forest Policy of 1988.<\/p>\n

2.0 Present Status of Agroforestry<\/span><\/strong>
\nDuring the late seventies and eighties, some of the states have implemented self-funded as well as externally aided social forestry projects in which focus was on extension of agroforestry. The wood-based industry started meeting its demands of raw materials by establishing a direct relationship with the farmers. Due to focus on agroforestry, the area under Trees Outside Forests (TOFs) increased from 5.6% in 2001 to 8.9% of geographical area of India in 2021 and annual wood production increased from 69 to 85 million cubic metres as per the India State of Forest Reports(ISFRs). The area under agroforestry plantations would produce wood regularly and eighty to ninety percent of these areas will always remain under green cover helping in carbon sequestration. As the availability of timber declined from the forest areas and the farm wood could not substitute for the timber from forests entirely, the Government liberalised the import of timber in nineties. As per Sustainable Trade of Wood and Wood-based Products in India (2021), 15 million cubic metres roundwood equivalent of wood and wood products for about INR 450 billion, were imported.<\/p>\n

To meet the shortage of raw materials, a few companies like WIMCO Seedlings Ltd. (UK) and ITC, Bhadrachalam Paperboard Ltd. (AP), etc., promoted farming of tree crops through providing quality plants, package of practices and assured buy back arrangements in 1980s. These models have ensured the backward integration of availability of raw material with wood-based industries. Similarly, Yamunanagar cluster of wood-based industries in the State of Haryana which is known as ‘plywood capital’ of the country, presentlyhas the capacity to manufacture about 40% plywood of the country. This cluster is the biggest market for farm wood and has benefitted all the stakeholders including the farmers, labourers, contractors, transporters, traders and industrialists. Hence, the integrated development of agroforestry and wood-based industry would ensure the faster growth of wood sector.<\/p>\n

3.0 Issues in Growth of Agroforestry Sector and Action Required<\/strong><\/span>
\n3.1 Farmers:<\/strong><\/span> The farmers suffer mainly due to hassles in harvesting of trees and inter-state transportation of wood; poor quality of planting material in nurseries; inadequate extension services not supported by research and development; wide fluctuations in prices of wood due to long harvesting period; and no incentive for carbon sequestration. To resolve the above issues; firstly, there should be Pan-India amendments to the rules on felling trees and inter-state transportation of wood through developing an online system for registration of plantations, felling of trees and ensuring seamless movement of wood. Secondly, there should be a framework for accreditation of private nurseries for providing quality planting stock. Thirdly, the wood markets with effective networking may be established. Fourthly, the symbiotic models of ITC, WIMCO, etc., may be promoted. Fifthly, the carbon trading may be facilitated and sixthly, intensive R&D efforts may be made.<\/strong><\/p>\n

3.2 Wood-based Industry:<\/strong><\/span> The wood-based industry mainly suffers due to complicated licensing policy as the new licenses\/expansion of units are issued only after assessing the increased availability of wood; costly farm wood competing with agricultural produce; non-certified farm wood and stiff competition with imported wood products. To resolve the above issues;firstly, wood-based industry may be treated at par with the food processing industry. Secondly, composite wooden panels may be promoted to reduce the demand of solid wood in the long run. Thirdly, upgradation of wood-based industry may be facilitated and fourthly, extensive training and development programmes for skilled manpower.<\/p>\n

4.0 VISION-2047 (Amrit Kaal) and Projected Benefits<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe following VISION-2047 is proposed during Amrit Kaal (period of 25 years).<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Additionally, 10 million ha of farmlands (3% of geographical area of India) may be brought under plantations, out of which five million ha may be brought under short rotation trees and another five million ha under medium and long rotation trees.<\/li>\n
  • Development of 100 clusters of wood-based industries<\/li>\n
  • Making India from a ‘importing wood products to exporting wood products’ country<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    4.1 Projected Benefits:<\/strong><\/span> The projected benefits from the above plan will be<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Agroforestry:<\/span><\/strong> The annual production of wood from plantations of short rotation trees like poplar, eucalyptus, bakain, etc., would be about 100 million cubic metres of timber worth about INR 420 billion and would generate employment of about 371 million person days (writer’s estimate).<\/li>\n
    • Private Forestry:<\/span><\/strong> The annual production of timber from plantations of medium rotation trees like gamhar, kadam, silver oak, kikar and long rotation trees like teak and shisham would be about 37 million cubic metres of timber worth about INR 645 billion and would generate employment of about 147million person days (writer’s estimate).
      \nIndia becoming anexporting wood products’ country<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      4.1 Policy Initiatives<\/span><\/strong>
      \nThe following policy initiatives need to be taken for the faster development of the wood sector.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Setting up National Agroforestry Board (MoCI)<\/li>\n
      • Enactment of legislation on TOF (MoEFCC)<\/li>\n
      • Liberalising licensing policy for wood-based industry based on farm wood (MoEFCC)<\/li>\n
      • Reducing Goods and Services Tax on wood products manufactured from farm wood (MoF)<\/li>\n
      • Aggressively promoting private forestry by providing incentives like discounted loans, capital subsidies and tax concessions (MoF)<\/li>\n
      • Reviewing export and import policy to encourage domestic production of wood and wood products (MoCI)<\/li>\n
      • Promoting voluntary certification of farm wood and regulating import of illegal timber (MoCI)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        It is heartening that the initiatives and reforms for development of agroforestry sector are being monitored at the level of PMO. The implementation of the initiatives will create large scale employment opportunities, increase the income of farmers, improve business opportunities for various stakeholders, increase revenue for the Government including earning of foreign exchange. The farm wood would not only meet the demands of wood-based industry but would also be able to meet the ecological requirements of the country.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u090f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u092a\u0947\u095c\u094b\u0902 (ToF) \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 2001 \u092e\u0947\u0902 5.6 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u095d\u0915\u0930 2021 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e 8.9 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f ISFR \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 69 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u095d\u0915\u0930 85 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964 \u091a\u0942\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0940, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u2019 (2021) \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 450 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 1.5 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n

        \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u092e\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0921 (\u092f\u0942\u0915\u0947) \u0914\u0930 ITC, \u092d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0932\u092e \u092a\u0947\u092a\u0930\u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0932\u093f\u092e\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0921 (AP), \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u0915\u0947\u091c \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u095c \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 1980 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u095c\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939, \u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u092e\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0908\u0935\u0941\u0921 \u0915\u0948\u092a\u093f\u091f\u0932\u0936\u094d \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 40 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0908\u0935\u0941\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u095c\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0920\u0947\u0915\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u092a\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n

        3.0 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0908<\/strong><\/span>
        \n3.1 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0903<\/span> \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u095c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u095c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948; \u0928\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e; \u0905\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902; \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u093e\u0930-\u091a\u095d\u093e\u0935; \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u095b\u092c\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u0947\u095c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0927 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u095c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0916\u093f\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947, \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0949\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u093e, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u093e, \u0906\u0908\u091f\u0940\u0938\u0940, \u0935\u093f\u092e\u0915\u094b \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0935\u093e\u0902, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091b\u0920\u0947, \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n

        3.2 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 :<\/span> <\/strong>\u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0928\u090f \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\/\u0907\u0915\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u095d\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0902\u0917\u0940 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940; \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u095c\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947, \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0920\u094b\u0938 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u0928\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u093e, \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u093e, \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u091c\u0928\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0964<\/p>\n

        4.0 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928-2047 (\u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932) \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u092d<\/span><\/strong>
        \n\u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 (25 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928-2047 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924, 10 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f (\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e 3 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924) \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u095c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u095c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n
        • \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 100 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/li>\n
        • \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u2018\u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902\u2019 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4.1 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u0903 \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0947<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u090f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0903<\/span><\/strong> \u092a\u0949\u092a\u0932\u0930, \u092f\u0942\u0915\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0938, \u092c\u093e\u0915\u0947\u0928 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u095c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 420 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 100 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 371 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e (\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928)\u0964<\/li>\n
          • \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940\u0903<\/span><\/strong> \u0917\u092e\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u0915\u0926\u092e, \u0938\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0913\u0915, \u0915\u093f\u0915\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u094c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940\u0936\u092e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u095c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 37 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 645 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 147 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 (\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928)\u0964<\/li>\n
          • \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092c\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            4.1 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0932<\/span><\/strong>
            \n\u0915\u093e\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e (MoCI)<\/li>\n
            • \u091c\u094d\u0935\u094d\u0925\u094d \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 (MoEFCC)<\/li>\n
            • \u092b\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0935\u0941\u0921 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e (MoEFCC)<\/li>\n
            • \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e (MoF)<\/li>\n
            • \u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0940 \u090b\u0923, \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0924 (\u090f\u092e\u0913\u090f\u092b) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n
            • \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e (MoCI)<\/li>\n
            • \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0948\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0948\u0927 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e (MoCI)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u092f\u0939 \u0916\u0941\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0913 (PMO) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u095c\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0947, \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940, \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964 \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0932\u0915\u095c\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u0940 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Integrated Development of Agroforestry and Wood-based Industries-A Way Forward for Carbon Neutral Economy 1.0 Agroforestry and Private Forestry for Carbon Neutral Economy Government of India (GOI), in the recently announced budget of 2022-23, has used ‘Agroforestry and Private Forestry’ as instruments to achieve the carbon neutral economy. Agroforestry coversshort rotation tree crops which are generally […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28909,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2961],"tags":[1992,3104,904,132,1994,358,3105,3106,2641,2934,939],"class_list":["post-28904","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-july-articles-2022","tag-agroforestry","tag-carbon-neutral-economy","tag-farmer","tag-forest","tag-forestry","tag-import","tag-isfr","tag-private-forestry","tag-wood-based-industries","tag-woodwork","tag-woodworking"],"yoast_head":"\nIntegrated Development of Agroforestry and Wood-based Industries - PLY INSIGHT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Agroforestry: The annual production of wood from plantations of short rotation trees like poplar, eucalyptus, bakain, etc., would be about\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/hi\/integrated-development-of-agroforestry-and-wood-based-industries\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hi_IN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Integrated Development of Agroforestry and Wood-based Industries - 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