{"id":39904,"date":"2023-08-08T12:19:10","date_gmt":"2023-08-08T06:49:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/?p=39904"},"modified":"2023-09-04T11:03:42","modified_gmt":"2023-09-04T05:33:42","slug":"1-july-1991-1-july-2017","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/hi\/1-july-1991-1-july-2017\/","title":{"rendered":"1 July, 1991 &#038; 1 July, 2017"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row\"><div class=\"wpb_column column_container col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">July 1 is an important date in the history of the Indian economy. It was on July 1, 1991 that Dr. Manmohan Singh, the then finance minister, launched economic reforms starting with the devaluation of the Indian rupee.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>When the minority government of Narasimha Rao was formed on June 21, 1991 after the general elections very few expected major initiatives. Most people knew that there was a Balance of Payment crisis, as the previous government had shipped gold from the Reserve Bank of India to the Bank of England. Still, the two-stage devaluation of the Indian rupee on July 1 and 3, 1991, within days of formation of the new government, came as a surprise.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">On July 4, 1991, P Chidambaram, the then commerce minister, unveiled trade reforms, abolishing direct export subsidies, and import licensing for most goods. On July 24, 1991, the government abolished industrial licensing for all practical purposes, and made foreign direct investment and sourcing technology from foreign parties much easier. On the same day, the Union Budget was presented, substantially cutting the import duties and income tax rates. The road ahead was clear and subsequent governments have taken forward the reforms agenda allowing a major role for the private sector in the economy.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1 \u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0924\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0916 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u091c\u092c 1 \u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908, 1991 \u0915\u094b \u0921\u0949. \u092e\u0928\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939, \u0924\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940, \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0928\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u092e\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 21 \u091c\u0942\u0928, 1991 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u092e \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092c\u095c\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u092c\u0948\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0911\u092b \u092a\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0938\u093f\u0938 \u0925\u0940, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0947\u091c \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940, \u0928\u0908 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1 \u0914\u0930 3 \u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908, 1991 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u091a\u0930\u091c \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">4 \u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908, 1991 \u0915\u094b, \u0924\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0926\u0902\u092c\u0930\u092e \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940\u095b \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0964 24 \u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908, 1991 \u0915\u094b, \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0928, \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092c\u091c\u091f \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u095d\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/hi\/placement-wanted\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-34611\" src=\"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Placement-Wanted-300x63.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"771\" height=\"162\" srcset=\"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Placement-Wanted-300x63.jpg 300w, https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Placement-Wanted-1024x217.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Placement-Wanted-768x162.jpg 768w, https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Placement-Wanted-18x4.jpg 18w, https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Placement-Wanted-600x127.jpg 600w, https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Placement-Wanted.jpg 1433w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>1 July, 2017<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It was on July 1, 2017 that the Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime was introduced by the Union and state governments. In 2017, the GST regime was launched with much fanfare but technological glitches and legal flaws led to chaos in the initial few months.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Thereafter, many problems were sorted out and now the trade is much happier with the GST regime. The introduction of e-invoicing and e-way bills have made life easier for the taxpayers and helped curb tax evasion. Most small industries and businesses that deal with larger companies have graduated to the formal sector.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The GST collections have shown an upward trend, although the relatively high GST rates have squeezed the consumers. The goods are moving faster across state borders. There are fewer instances of highhanded actions of the GST field formations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The GST Council, consisting of finance ministers of all states and the Union government has, barring exceptions, found ways to take decisions through consensus. Exporters are getting their refunds quickly under the GST regime but they are quite upset with the government&#8217;s irrational stand on pre-import condition under advance authorizations, and inane restrictions on refunds in certain situations. Some issues such as bringing petroleum products under the GST regime, setting up of tribunals, irksome restrictions on taking input tax credit, routine issue of show cause notices based only on data from the GST network, etc, persist.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>1 July, 2017<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1 \u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908, 2017 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0941\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u0947\u091c \u091f\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938 (\u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940) \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 2017 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0917\u093e\u091c \u092c\u095c\u0947 \u0939\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u092e\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0939\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0932\u091a\u0932 \u092e\u091a \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u091d\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092c \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0916\u0941\u0936\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0908-\u0907\u0928\u0935\u0949\u0907\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0908-\u0935\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u091a\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u094b \u092c\u095c\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0921\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0930 \u0922\u0932 \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u0942\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u095d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0930\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092b \u0928\u091c\u0930 \u0906 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0941\u091a\u093f\u093c\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0908\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u092b\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935-\u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092b\u0902\u0921 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947, \u0905\u0926\u093e\u0932\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e, \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u091f\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u091f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0924\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927, \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u093e, \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">TNC Raja Gopalan<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row\"><div class=\"wpb_column column_container col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<html>\n<head>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n  <marquee behavior=\"scrolling\" direction=\"left\" scrollamount=\"3\" seamless>\n    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Logos-2.png\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" alt=\"Natural\" \/>\n <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/plyinsight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Logos-2.png\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" alt=\"Natural\" \/>\n  <\/marquee>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"July 1 is an important date in the history of the Indian economy. It was on July 1, 1991 that Dr. Manmohan Singh, the then finance minister, launched economic reforms starting with the devaluation of the Indian rupee. When the minority government of Narasimha Rao was formed on June 21, 1991 after the general elections [...]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6358,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4801],"tags":[4860,4859,1025,1237,1488,4858,1183,4584,848,359,2241,4857,2602,250,2957,4855,358,1331,4856,888],"class_list":["post-39904","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-august-articles-2023","tag-1-july-2017","tag-1july-1991","tag-business","tag-companies","tag-consumers","tag-credit-tax","tag-dealers","tag-e-way-bill","tag-e-invoicing","tag-export","tag-exporters","tag-formal-sector","tag-goods","tag-gst","tag-gst-network","tag-gst-regime","tag-import","tag-industries","tag-tax-evasion","tag-trade"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>1 July, 1991 &amp; 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